Howard County, MD in the Civil War

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-<html><font size="+2"><b><u><center>Military Operations at Annapolis Junction, MD, 1861-1865</center></u></b></font></html> +====== Military Operations at Annapolis Junction, MD, 1861–1865 ======
  
 [[Timeline of Occupation at Relay House|Timeline of Occupation at Annapolis Junction]] [[Timeline of Occupation at Relay House|Timeline of Occupation at Annapolis Junction]]
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 5/3/1861 - **71st New York**. "...We started again at 10 P. M., and arrived at the Junction at 3 A. M. of Friday, the 26th...Here we were [...] away like sardines in a miserable, rickety old wooden building, which had evidently been used as a bowling-alley. We remained here...till about 7 P. M." - (NY) //Evening Post//, 5/3/1861 5/3/1861 - **71st New York**. "...We started again at 10 P. M., and arrived at the Junction at 3 A. M. of Friday, the 26th...Here we were [...] away like sardines in a miserable, rickety old wooden building, which had evidently been used as a bowling-alley. We remained here...till about 7 P. M." - (NY) //Evening Post//, 5/3/1861
  
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-{{:{{:annapolis_junction:the_new_york_times_fri_may_3_1861_.jpg?800|img}} +{{ :annapolis_junction:the_new_york_times_fri_may_3_1861_.jpg?900 }} 
-<caption>the_new_york_times_fri_may_3_1861</caption> + 
-</figure>+//the_new_york_times_fri_may_3_1861// 
  
 5/4/1861 - "Letter from Annapolis Junction...On my return from Washington yesterday, I was unexpectedly detained at the Annapolis Junction...I found here the **69 regiment of New York**..The closing scenes of our evening during our stay consisted of cotillons and jig dances around blazing bon-fires, in which the whole regiment participated...1,400 men...They proceeded on to Washington last night..." - //Baltimore Sun,// 5/4/1861 5/4/1861 - "Letter from Annapolis Junction...On my return from Washington yesterday, I was unexpectedly detained at the Annapolis Junction...I found here the **69 regiment of New York**..The closing scenes of our evening during our stay consisted of cotillons and jig dances around blazing bon-fires, in which the whole regiment participated...1,400 men...They proceeded on to Washington last night..." - //Baltimore Sun,// 5/4/1861
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 12/23/1861 - "...the **First Michigan** between Beltsville and Annapolis Junction..." - //Baltimore Sun//, 12/23/1861 12/23/1861 - "...the **First Michigan** between Beltsville and Annapolis Junction..." - //Baltimore Sun//, 12/23/1861
 +
 +1/29/1862 - "Correspondence of the Star.
 +
 +HEADQUARTERS RAILWAY BRIGADE,\\ 
 +Annapolis Junction, Md., Jan. 13.
 +
 +Bro. Burr:—The readers of our paper are doubtless well informed respecting the more active portions of the army, but our somewhat retired condition, and the monotony of our military duties, render us almost unknown to any except our immediate friends and the officials who direct our proceedings. 
 +Col. John C. Robinson, of the 1st Michigan Infantry, is at present in command of this brigade, to which the duty is assigned of guarding the railroad between Baltimore and Washington. There was a time when the transportation of troops by this route to the seat of war was constantly interrupted by the inhabitants, who neglected no opportunity to destroy the bridges and other portions of the track, Now the security enjoyed by soldiers and private citizens in transit is suggestive of the state of our country before the war, when the governmental machinery operated so quietly that we were prone to ignore the efficient cause of our prosperity. And likewise now there are some who judge, by the long period of safety which this railroad has been allowed, that none are disposed to molest it, and that no danger need be apprehended in case of our withdrawal. But the testimony of slaves, who daily enter our lines, and the cold treatment which we receive from the slaveholders, who are detained from open opposition chiefly through fear of being overpowered, are sufficient evidences of the concealed hostility of most of the people in this State. A numerous class of the citizens of Baltimore, according to the Clipper, were highly elated at the prospect of a rupture with England, hoping that such an event would compel the United States to recognize the rebel government, and accept such terms of settlement as might be dictated by the South. It may be true that "Maryland has furnished 7000 men for the Union," but it is equally true that 7000 of her sons have been enrolled in the Confederate service. Says the Tribune: "The Free States are all loyal. All of the Slave States are rebellious, either wholly or in part. If all the States were free all would be loyal." This reasoning is not absolutely demonstrative, but the justness of the conclusion is obvious.
 +
 +The weather here for the last two months has been usually very fine, the temperature mild, and storms of quite unfrequent occurrence. -But the "sunny South" is not so pleasantly exhibited here as it is in South Carolina. The editor of the Camp Kettle, a loyal periodical recently established at Beaufort, while furnishing matter for his paper, enjoys the fragrance of a charming bouquet. The extreme good order and cleanliness enforced in this camp and the excellent management of the medical department, are in- adequate to prevent a large amount of sickness and frequent deaths. These occur mostly from eating extra articles of food sold by the sutler. The regular rations are sufficient in all cases, and when eaten exclusively conduce as much to health and strength as the most wholesome diet at the family table. But most of the soldiers, tempted by appetite and the distance of the day of settlement, throw away their rations, and eat the sutler’s more palatable articles, or these together with their rations; and thus the whole system is deranged. For this, if for no other reason, should the office of sutler be abolished, or the articles he may be allowed to sell prescribed. We have lately removed from cloth tents into comfortable barracks, and it is hoped the health of the men will improve.
 +
 +The Rev. Mr. Edwards, Chaplain of the Michigan First, is a man of a kind and courteous bearing and gentlemanly deportment, but his religious influence is scarcely discernible. He holds no meetings for prayer and conference, never addresses the soldiers on the occasion of the death of one of their companions, simply performing the usual ceremonies at the grave, and occupies only about twenty minutes in Divine service upon the Sabbath.
 +
 +This sacred day affords no rest to the soldier, At least this is the case here. The fatiguing exercise of preparing for inspection desecrates the morning of the Lord’s day; this is followed by inspection; then are collected a few who may choose to spend a few moments in the worship of God, when a hymn is sung, a short prayer offered, another hymn sung, after which the Chaplain reads a few verses of Scripture, makes a few lifeless remarks, and closes with singing and prayer; each exercise being as brief as decency will permit. During service the soldiers remain standing. In the afternoon a review, differing slightly from a battalion drill, is ordered, and from this a man cannot be excused by the plea of any religious scruples. The dress parade then closes what the soldiers call "the hardest day in the week." Under such influences, can it be wondered that the grossest immorality prevails and increases in the camp? The friends of the youth who are being ruined in the army will, I trust, implore the God of nations soon to close this war, if it be consistent with his purpose to liberate the oppressed. J. E. C."
 +
 +- //Morning Star (Limerick, ME)//, 3/29/1862
  
 3/13/1862 - "Major Robinson, of the **Fifth infantry**, who for some time has commanded the railroad brigade at Annapolis Junction, has returned..." - //Baltimore Sun//, 3/13/1862 3/13/1862 - "Major Robinson, of the **Fifth infantry**, who for some time has commanded the railroad brigade at Annapolis Junction, has returned..." - //Baltimore Sun//, 3/13/1862
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 1/25/1864 - "The report...shows the number of patients in the various army hospitals...Annapolis Junction, 33..." - //Baltimore Sun//, 1/25/1864 1/25/1864 - "The report...shows the number of patients in the various army hospitals...Annapolis Junction, 33..." - //Baltimore Sun//, 1/25/1864
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 +{{ :1st_conn_cav:phila_sundayschool_times_04021864.jpg?600 }}
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 +//phila_sundayschool_times_04021864//
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 5/16/1864 - "COMMANDING OFFICER **NINETY-FOURTH NEW YORK VETERAN INFANTRY VOLUNTEERS**: You are hereby directed to bring your regiment by railroad to Annapolis Junction without delay, and there await orders from me. Report by letter to me on your arrival at the Junction." - OR. Vol. XXXVI, Pt II. 5/16/1864 - "COMMANDING OFFICER **NINETY-FOURTH NEW YORK VETERAN INFANTRY VOLUNTEERS**: You are hereby directed to bring your regiment by railroad to Annapolis Junction without delay, and there await orders from me. Report by letter to me on your arrival at the Junction." - OR. Vol. XXXVI, Pt II.
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 1865 - United States Christian Commission - "WORK AT CAMP RULISON AND HOSPITAL, Annapolis Junction. The Hospital at Annapolis Junction was established as a mere convenience. It was one of the most exposed, and uncomfortable, and least served of all the Hospitals of our district. Its location at the junction of the Baltimore and Washington, with the Annapolis Railroad, rendered it a conspicuous object, in view of the extensive travel between those cities. While hundreds and thousands were passing the premises in their railway flight every day, but few remained long enough at the Junction to make even the briefest visit to the camp. Dr. C. Bacon, the surgeon, occupied his post until the Hospital was discontinued, and George McNeal, Esq., the Acting Quartermaster, performed to the last the service usually attended to by delegates of the Commission and ladies, in ministering to the temporal necessities of the patients. Chaplain services were rendered, as before, by chaplains and delegates stationed at Annapolis. An occasional visitor from Baltimore or Washington, was to be seen on the premises. No assistance, however, of any account, was secured from such visitors. The patients were removed previous to the 10th of August, 1865, when both camp and Hospital were discontinued." -Report ..., v.4 (1866). United States Christian Commission. 1865 - United States Christian Commission - "WORK AT CAMP RULISON AND HOSPITAL, Annapolis Junction. The Hospital at Annapolis Junction was established as a mere convenience. It was one of the most exposed, and uncomfortable, and least served of all the Hospitals of our district. Its location at the junction of the Baltimore and Washington, with the Annapolis Railroad, rendered it a conspicuous object, in view of the extensive travel between those cities. While hundreds and thousands were passing the premises in their railway flight every day, but few remained long enough at the Junction to make even the briefest visit to the camp. Dr. C. Bacon, the surgeon, occupied his post until the Hospital was discontinued, and George McNeal, Esq., the Acting Quartermaster, performed to the last the service usually attended to by delegates of the Commission and ladies, in ministering to the temporal necessities of the patients. Chaplain services were rendered, as before, by chaplains and delegates stationed at Annapolis. An occasional visitor from Baltimore or Washington, was to be seen on the premises. No assistance, however, of any account, was secured from such visitors. The patients were removed previous to the 10th of August, 1865, when both camp and Hospital were discontinued." -Report ..., v.4 (1866). United States Christian Commission.
  
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-{{:{{ :philadelphia_pa_inquirer_1867.png |img}} +{{ :philadelphia_pa_inquirer_1867.png?600 }} 
-<caption>Philadelphia PA Inquirer 9/9/1867</caption> + 
-</figure>+//Philadelphia PA Inquirer 9/9/1867// 
 + 
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