Howard County, MD in the Civil War

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-<html><font size="+2"><b><u><center>Military Operations at Annapolis Junction, MD, 1861-1865</center></u></b></font></html> +====== Military Operations at Annapolis Junction, MD, 1861–1865 ======
  
 [[Timeline of Occupation at Relay House|Timeline of Occupation at Annapolis Junction]] [[Timeline of Occupation at Relay House|Timeline of Occupation at Annapolis Junction]]
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 5/1/1861 - "...for Annapolis Junction...The **Sixty-ninth New York Regiment** was quartered there, but they were to leave for Washington last evening, when two more regiments would arrive from Annapolis, and occupy the place. It has been turned into a regular recruiting depot, and the raw recruits are daily drilled, and exercised in marching and firing on a field adjacent the junction." - //Baltimore Sun//, 5/1/1861 5/1/1861 - "...for Annapolis Junction...The **Sixty-ninth New York Regiment** was quartered there, but they were to leave for Washington last evening, when two more regiments would arrive from Annapolis, and occupy the place. It has been turned into a regular recruiting depot, and the raw recruits are daily drilled, and exercised in marching and firing on a field adjacent the junction." - //Baltimore Sun//, 5/1/1861
  
-5/3/1861 - "...We started again at 10 P. M., and arrived at the Junction at 3 A. M. of Friday, the 26th...Here we were [...] away like sardines in a miserable, rickety old wooden building, which had evidently been used as a bowling-alley. We remained here...till about 7 P. M." - (NY) //Evening Post//, 5/3/1861+5/3/1861 - **71st New York**. "...We started again at 10 P. M., and arrived at the Junction at 3 A. M. of Friday, the 26th...Here we were [...] away like sardines in a miserable, rickety old wooden building, which had evidently been used as a bowling-alley. We remained here...till about 7 P. M." - (NY) //Evening Post//, 5/3/1861 
 + 
 + 
 +{{ :annapolis_junction:the_new_york_times_fri_may_3_1861_.jpg?900 }} 
 + 
 +//the_new_york_times_fri_may_3_1861// 
  
 5/4/1861 - "Letter from Annapolis Junction...On my return from Washington yesterday, I was unexpectedly detained at the Annapolis Junction...I found here the **69 regiment of New York**..The closing scenes of our evening during our stay consisted of cotillons and jig dances around blazing bon-fires, in which the whole regiment participated...1,400 men...They proceeded on to Washington last night..." - //Baltimore Sun,// 5/4/1861 5/4/1861 - "Letter from Annapolis Junction...On my return from Washington yesterday, I was unexpectedly detained at the Annapolis Junction...I found here the **69 regiment of New York**..The closing scenes of our evening during our stay consisted of cotillons and jig dances around blazing bon-fires, in which the whole regiment participated...1,400 men...They proceeded on to Washington last night..." - //Baltimore Sun,// 5/4/1861
 +
 +5/9/1861 - "In hundreds of places the troops have constructed rough camps in the corners of the crooked fences along the road from Annapolis to the Junction..." - (NY) //Evening Post//, 5/9/1861
  
 5/11/1861 - "At twelve o'clock, on the eleventh of May, we took up our line of march for Annapolis Junction...We established ten picket posts along the line of the road...the camp will be known as Camp Reynolds...located in an open field, near to and in full view of the railroad." - The "Ulster Guard" (**20th N. Y. State Militia**) and the War of the Rebellion ... By Theodore Burr Gates 5/11/1861 - "At twelve o'clock, on the eleventh of May, we took up our line of march for Annapolis Junction...We established ten picket posts along the line of the road...the camp will be known as Camp Reynolds...located in an open field, near to and in full view of the railroad." - The "Ulster Guard" (**20th N. Y. State Militia**) and the War of the Rebellion ... By Theodore Burr Gates
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 12/23/1861 - "...the **First Michigan** between Beltsville and Annapolis Junction..." - //Baltimore Sun//, 12/23/1861 12/23/1861 - "...the **First Michigan** between Beltsville and Annapolis Junction..." - //Baltimore Sun//, 12/23/1861
 +
 +1/29/1862 - "Correspondence of the Star.
 +
 +HEADQUARTERS RAILWAY BRIGADE,\\ 
 +Annapolis Junction, Md., Jan. 13.
 +
 +Bro. Burr:—The readers of our paper are doubtless well informed respecting the more active portions of the army, but our somewhat retired condition, and the monotony of our military duties, render us almost unknown to any except our immediate friends and the officials who direct our proceedings. 
 +Col. John C. Robinson, of the 1st Michigan Infantry, is at present in command of this brigade, to which the duty is assigned of guarding the railroad between Baltimore and Washington. There was a time when the transportation of troops by this route to the seat of war was constantly interrupted by the inhabitants, who neglected no opportunity to destroy the bridges and other portions of the track, Now the security enjoyed by soldiers and private citizens in transit is suggestive of the state of our country before the war, when the governmental machinery operated so quietly that we were prone to ignore the efficient cause of our prosperity. And likewise now there are some who judge, by the long period of safety which this railroad has been allowed, that none are disposed to molest it, and that no danger need be apprehended in case of our withdrawal. But the testimony of slaves, who daily enter our lines, and the cold treatment which we receive from the slaveholders, who are detained from open opposition chiefly through fear of being overpowered, are sufficient evidences of the concealed hostility of most of the people in this State. A numerous class of the citizens of Baltimore, according to the Clipper, were highly elated at the prospect of a rupture with England, hoping that such an event would compel the United States to recognize the rebel government, and accept such terms of settlement as might be dictated by the South. It may be true that "Maryland has furnished 7000 men for the Union," but it is equally true that 7000 of her sons have been enrolled in the Confederate service. Says the Tribune: "The Free States are all loyal. All of the Slave States are rebellious, either wholly or in part. If all the States were free all would be loyal." This reasoning is not absolutely demonstrative, but the justness of the conclusion is obvious.
 +
 +The weather here for the last two months has been usually very fine, the temperature mild, and storms of quite unfrequent occurrence. -But the "sunny South" is not so pleasantly exhibited here as it is in South Carolina. The editor of the Camp Kettle, a loyal periodical recently established at Beaufort, while furnishing matter for his paper, enjoys the fragrance of a charming bouquet. The extreme good order and cleanliness enforced in this camp and the excellent management of the medical department, are in- adequate to prevent a large amount of sickness and frequent deaths. These occur mostly from eating extra articles of food sold by the sutler. The regular rations are sufficient in all cases, and when eaten exclusively conduce as much to health and strength as the most wholesome diet at the family table. But most of the soldiers, tempted by appetite and the distance of the day of settlement, throw away their rations, and eat the sutler’s more palatable articles, or these together with their rations; and thus the whole system is deranged. For this, if for no other reason, should the office of sutler be abolished, or the articles he may be allowed to sell prescribed. We have lately removed from cloth tents into comfortable barracks, and it is hoped the health of the men will improve.
 +
 +The Rev. Mr. Edwards, Chaplain of the Michigan First, is a man of a kind and courteous bearing and gentlemanly deportment, but his religious influence is scarcely discernible. He holds no meetings for prayer and conference, never addresses the soldiers on the occasion of the death of one of their companions, simply performing the usual ceremonies at the grave, and occupies only about twenty minutes in Divine service upon the Sabbath.
 +
 +This sacred day affords no rest to the soldier, At least this is the case here. The fatiguing exercise of preparing for inspection desecrates the morning of the Lord’s day; this is followed by inspection; then are collected a few who may choose to spend a few moments in the worship of God, when a hymn is sung, a short prayer offered, another hymn sung, after which the Chaplain reads a few verses of Scripture, makes a few lifeless remarks, and closes with singing and prayer; each exercise being as brief as decency will permit. During service the soldiers remain standing. In the afternoon a review, differing slightly from a battalion drill, is ordered, and from this a man cannot be excused by the plea of any religious scruples. The dress parade then closes what the soldiers call "the hardest day in the week." Under such influences, can it be wondered that the grossest immorality prevails and increases in the camp? The friends of the youth who are being ruined in the army will, I trust, implore the God of nations soon to close this war, if it be consistent with his purpose to liberate the oppressed. J. E. C."
 +
 +- //Morning Star (Limerick, ME)//, 3/29/1862
  
 3/13/1862 - "Major Robinson, of the **Fifth infantry**, who for some time has commanded the railroad brigade at Annapolis Junction, has returned..." - //Baltimore Sun//, 3/13/1862 3/13/1862 - "Major Robinson, of the **Fifth infantry**, who for some time has commanded the railroad brigade at Annapolis Junction, has returned..." - //Baltimore Sun//, 3/13/1862
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 9/6/1862 - "There is no camp of instruction at Annapolis Junction further than the **109th New York Regiment of Volunteers** is there, with tents pitched, &c, going through the usual exercises for attaining due efficiency. The extensive frame barracks at that point, occupied by troops last winter, have been now appropriated for hospital purposes." - //Baltimore Sun//, 9/6/1862 9/6/1862 - "There is no camp of instruction at Annapolis Junction further than the **109th New York Regiment of Volunteers** is there, with tents pitched, &c, going through the usual exercises for attaining due efficiency. The extensive frame barracks at that point, occupied by troops last winter, have been now appropriated for hospital purposes." - //Baltimore Sun//, 9/6/1862
  
-10/24/1862 - “141st New York. Co. G...stationed at Annapolis Junction” - Addison (NY) Advertiser, 11/5/1862+10/24/1862 - “**141st New York**. Co. G...stationed at Annapolis Junction” - Addison (NY) Advertiser, 11/5/1862
  
 4/24/1863 - "...the first of which is Annapolis Junction...here are some thirteen hospitals...A short distance from the place last noted to my right, is to be seen on a very fine elevation an Agricultural College..." - //Jamestown Journal//, 4/24/1863 4/24/1863 - "...the first of which is Annapolis Junction...here are some thirteen hospitals...A short distance from the place last noted to my right, is to be seen on a very fine elevation an Agricultural College..." - //Jamestown Journal//, 4/24/1863
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 and Washington cities, on the Washington Branch of the  and Washington cities, on the Washington Branch of the 
 Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. It is about equi-distant, say  Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. It is about equi-distant, say 
-nineteen miles from each of the cities of Baltimore, Wash¬  +nineteen miles from each of the cities of Baltimore, Washington and Annapolis. The site occupied by the hospital is 
-ington and Annapolis. The site occupied by the hospital is +
 passed on the north side by the Annapolis Branch, and on  passed on the north side by the Annapolis Branch, and on 
 the west side by the Washington Branch of the Railroad.  the west side by the Washington Branch of the Railroad. 
 It is very nearly a continuous level, broken only by a slight  It is very nearly a continuous level, broken only by a slight 
-elevation towards the east. The barracks, wdiich are com¬  +elevation towards the east. The barracks, wdiich are composed of wood, are arranged in rows with a space around 
-posed of wood, are arranged in rows with a space around +
 which is used as a drill ground for convalescent patients,  which is used as a drill ground for convalescent patients, 
 who are preparing to return to their regiments. The  who are preparing to return to their regiments. The 
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 are rendered inconvenient in rainy weather by the thin mud  are rendered inconvenient in rainy weather by the thin mud 
 which is peculiar to the soil, of whitish appearance and  which is peculiar to the soil, of whitish appearance and 
-quite tenacious in its character. We happened to experi¬  +quite tenacious in its character. We happened to experience the inconvenience of passing the aisles of the camp on 
-ence the inconvenience of passing the aisles of the camp on +
 the occasion of a visit.  the occasion of a visit. 
  
-The spiritual services rendered to this hospital are but oc¬  +The spiritual services rendered to this hospital are but occasional. It has no Chaplain of its own, and is dependent 
-casional. It has no Chaplain of its own, and is dependent +
 for Chaplain’s services upon the incumbents of hospitals at  for Chaplain’s services upon the incumbents of hospitals at 
-and near Annapolis. A number of our delegates have vis¬  +and near Annapolis. A number of our delegates have visited the premises, but no very favorable accounts have been  
-ited the premises, but no very favorable accounts have been  +given of their services. We had sent books, tracts, and religious newspapers for distribution among the patients, but 
-given of their services. We had sent books, tracts, and re¬  +
-ligious newspapers for distribution among the patients, but +
 we have no record to show how they were received, or what  we have no record to show how they were received, or what 
 benefit was likely to result from their use. We may hope,  benefit was likely to result from their use. We may hope, 
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 The location of the hospital has but little to recommend  The location of the hospital has but little to recommend 
 it. There is a decided disadvantage in its proximity to the  it. There is a decided disadvantage in its proximity to the 
-Railroad. It affords facilities for the convenience of loung¬  +Railroad. It affords facilities for the convenience of loungers about the Junction, rvhile delegates and visitors, who 
-ers about the Junction, rvhile delegates and visitors, who +
 might render service in the premises are indisposed to stop  might render service in the premises are indisposed to stop 
-while on their way to the camps and hospitals of the adja¬  +while on their way to the camps and hospitals of the adjacent cities. " - Third Report ...by United States Christian Commission. Committee of Maryland
-cent cities. " - Third Report ...by United States Christian Commission. Committee of Maryland+
  
  
 1/25/1864 - "The report...shows the number of patients in the various army hospitals...Annapolis Junction, 33..." - //Baltimore Sun//, 1/25/1864 1/25/1864 - "The report...shows the number of patients in the various army hospitals...Annapolis Junction, 33..." - //Baltimore Sun//, 1/25/1864
 +
 +
 +{{ :1st_conn_cav:phila_sundayschool_times_04021864.jpg?600 }}
 +
 +//phila_sundayschool_times_04021864//
 +
  
 5/16/1864 - "COMMANDING OFFICER **NINETY-FOURTH NEW YORK VETERAN INFANTRY VOLUNTEERS**: You are hereby directed to bring your regiment by railroad to Annapolis Junction without delay, and there await orders from me. Report by letter to me on your arrival at the Junction." - OR. Vol. XXXVI, Pt II. 5/16/1864 - "COMMANDING OFFICER **NINETY-FOURTH NEW YORK VETERAN INFANTRY VOLUNTEERS**: You are hereby directed to bring your regiment by railroad to Annapolis Junction without delay, and there await orders from me. Report by letter to me on your arrival at the Junction." - OR. Vol. XXXVI, Pt II.
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 1865 - United States Christian Commission - "WORK AT CAMP RULISON AND HOSPITAL, Annapolis Junction. The Hospital at Annapolis Junction was established as a mere convenience. It was one of the most exposed, and uncomfortable, and least served of all the Hospitals of our district. Its location at the junction of the Baltimore and Washington, with the Annapolis Railroad, rendered it a conspicuous object, in view of the extensive travel between those cities. While hundreds and thousands were passing the premises in their railway flight every day, but few remained long enough at the Junction to make even the briefest visit to the camp. Dr. C. Bacon, the surgeon, occupied his post until the Hospital was discontinued, and George McNeal, Esq., the Acting Quartermaster, performed to the last the service usually attended to by delegates of the Commission and ladies, in ministering to the temporal necessities of the patients. Chaplain services were rendered, as before, by chaplains and delegates stationed at Annapolis. An occasional visitor from Baltimore or Washington, was to be seen on the premises. No assistance, however, of any account, was secured from such visitors. The patients were removed previous to the 10th of August, 1865, when both camp and Hospital were discontinued." -Report ..., v.4 (1866). United States Christian Commission. 1865 - United States Christian Commission - "WORK AT CAMP RULISON AND HOSPITAL, Annapolis Junction. The Hospital at Annapolis Junction was established as a mere convenience. It was one of the most exposed, and uncomfortable, and least served of all the Hospitals of our district. Its location at the junction of the Baltimore and Washington, with the Annapolis Railroad, rendered it a conspicuous object, in view of the extensive travel between those cities. While hundreds and thousands were passing the premises in their railway flight every day, but few remained long enough at the Junction to make even the briefest visit to the camp. Dr. C. Bacon, the surgeon, occupied his post until the Hospital was discontinued, and George McNeal, Esq., the Acting Quartermaster, performed to the last the service usually attended to by delegates of the Commission and ladies, in ministering to the temporal necessities of the patients. Chaplain services were rendered, as before, by chaplains and delegates stationed at Annapolis. An occasional visitor from Baltimore or Washington, was to be seen on the premises. No assistance, however, of any account, was secured from such visitors. The patients were removed previous to the 10th of August, 1865, when both camp and Hospital were discontinued." -Report ..., v.4 (1866). United States Christian Commission.
  
-<figure label> + 
-{{:{{ :philadelphia_pa_inquirer_1867.png |img}} +{{ :philadelphia_pa_inquirer_1867.png?600 }} 
-<caption>Philadelphia PA Inquirer 9/9/1867</caption> + 
-</figure>+//Philadelphia PA Inquirer 9/9/1867// 
 + 
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