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+//The Daily Evening Express//, July 31, 1861
+OUR ARMY CORRESPONDENCE.
+FROM THE FIRST RESERVE.
+CAMP TODD,\\
+Annapolis Junction, July 25, '61.
+By last Friday our regiment was paid off and the several companies were sworn into the United States service by a Lieutenant of the U.S. A., when we immediately received orders to pack up. We were glad to do this to get to a more permanent situation to get our meals more regularly. While in Camp Carroll we lived almost altogether upon our own resources. The cake and pie woman did a thriving business. Besides good bread, we received but little from the Commissariat. On Saturday (yesterday) morning we embarked on a train for this place. Four companies (A, Union Guards, B, C, and K, Brandywine Guards) are stationed at Annapolis Junction under the command of Major Todd, Adjt. W. L. Bear, of Co. A, to guard the railroad in the directions of Washington and Baltimore. The remaining six companies passed on to Annapolis to be quartered in the Naval Academy buildings. Our regiment relieved the Sixth Regiment, N. Y. S. M., who started for home last night, having remained several days over their time. As fay as I could learn, the land owners around here are all Secessionists of the deepest dye, while all others are for the Union, A slave with whom I conversed when we arrived said his massa was bad for Secession before the soldiers came here and he guesses he is yet, though keeping dark. We expect to remain here a good while, so all letters can be sent as follows: For the Union Guards—"Co. A. 1st Reg. P. R. V. C, Annapolis Junction, Md." For the Neff and Safe Harbor men, respectively, "Co. E, or Co. D, P. R. V.C., Annapolis, Md." We have not seen an Express since leaving West Chester. We hope to see it again every day, as we feel the want of it as much as we would of our daily bread. MILES.
+{{ :1st_penn:the_daily_evening_express_wed_jul_31_1861.jpg?linkonly |}}
+----
+//The Daily Evening Express//, July 31, 1861
+FROM ANOTHER CORRESPONDENT.
+CAMP TODD, Annapolis Junction,\\
+July 29, 1861.
+A few minutes before the First Regiment left Camp Curtin, Col. Roberts detailed Lieut. Baer, of Company A, to take charge of all new recruits, keep them there until they were fully clothed, armed and equipped. Lieut. Baer thus found himself in charge of two hundred and twenty men. They were ready to rejoin their companies by nine o'clock next day; but in consequence of want of accommodations for transportation they did not get from Harrisburg until 3 o'clock, a. m., Wednesday morning. Before starting, every man was provided with cartridges and caps, and charged to keep cool and resent no insult offered them while passing through Baltimore, and put no caps on their guns unless ordered by the Lieutenant. The enthusiasm manifested by old and young, as we neared Baltimore, was cheering to all who witnessed it. Lieut. Baer marched his command, from Calvert Station, through Baltimore to Mount Clare, a distance of several miles and reached the Camp in safety, all happy to be reunited with their several companies. On Thursday, the men of a number of companies, including ours, were paid in full for State service, and on Friday were sworn into the service of the United States. On Friday morning, about half past one o'clock, we were again aroused for march at a moment's notice, but did not get off, and had to erect our tents before night. On Saturday morning, however, the tents were struck, baggage loadened, and about ten o'clock started for this place. We reached here about five o'clock. Companys A, B, C and K remain at this place, and the remainder of the Regiment went to Annapolis. Major L, Todd is in command of this division, who, on his arrival appointed Lieut. Baer, Acting Adjutant. We are very comfortable located, but cannot help noticing that we are in the midst of many unfriendly people, as indicated by their coolness towards us. Since we are here we have received strict orders to be vigilant and strengthen the pickets, who have posts along the Annapolis and Washington Railroad, and extending into the country; from eight to twelve men occupying a post, who are relieved every three days. Our Lancaster boys are all well and cheerful, and will spare no efforts to keep up the reputation they have thus far sustained. An Express would be received with joy by all hands. Send us one and we'll pass it around.
+{{ :1st_penn:the_daily_evening_express_wed_jul_31_1861a.jpg?linkonly |}}
+----
 //North American//, August 2, 1861
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 {{ :1st_penn:lancaster-examiner-and-herald-aug-06-1861-p-3.jpg?linkonly|}}
+----
+//The Daily Evening Express//, August 8, 1861
+CAMP TODD, Annapolis Junction, Md.,
+August 5, 1861.
+I give you the circumstances of a cold-blooded murder which transpired yesterday (Sunday) morning, at a grocery and liquor store in Howard county, about two miles from the Junction. On Saturday evening a party of men in the neighborhood met at the above place, and after indulging in numerous drinks became very violent in their discussions, the difference being principally in relation to the present Federal troubles, composed as the party was of Union men and "Seceshers"—the former predominating. Yesterday morning a few of the same party met again, among them Richard Dorsey, a Union man, and George Marriot, a violent Secessionist. Angry words passed between them, when the latter, at a distance of seven feet, drew a Colt's revolver, firing two shots, the first entering the abdomen of Dorsey and the second penetrating the door frame over his head. Dorsey fell; while the murderer, jumping on his horse at the door, escaped, and tho' strict search has been instituted, has not yet been arrested. I was sent for, in consultation with Dr. White, of the neighborhood, and found the ball bad penetrated the abdomen just below the region of the stomach. His perception was clear, though the prostration of system was great, and he bore on his countenance the evidence of a dying man. We examined him carefully, and came to the conclusion that the bowels bad been perforated. The wound was not probed, nor search made for the ball in the abdomen, as such proceedings would have been eminently unsurgical. Stimulation was resorted to, as well as all else that was necessary to prolong his life; but, notwithstanding, he died at 6:20 P. M., after intense suffering of over ten hours. His death is particularly lamentable from the fact that he leaves a young and interesting wife, having been married but eight months. No quarter will be shown if the villain is caught.
+We are here in the heart of the enemy's country, and the strictest vigilance is required from our pickets, in order to guard against surprise. A day or two after we arrived, it became necessary to locate a Hospital for this division, and having understood that during the stay here of the New-York 20th Regiment, they used a new Cottage about half & mile distant, it was selected as suitable—being built with every convenience, and ample ventilation. No apprehension was felt in relation to an attack, and with my friend "Miles" and a guard of one, I retired at 10 o'clock. The instructions to the guard at the door were specific, but he misunderstood the orders of the Corporal, who did not wish his musket loaded before dark. We had hardly been in bed ten minutes before we were alarmed by the firing of a shot at the front door, and the cry of the sentinel. We rushed out, and found that some villain had crept up the hill, to a small locust tree, from which he fired on the sentinel, the shot taking effect in the end of his cartridge box, and emerging at the brass  plate. The strain was so great, that the hook, by which the belt is kept upon the body, was opened, and both belt and cartridge box fell to the ground. Though whirled around, miraculous as it may seem the man was uninjured. Search was made, but they escaped through a corn field. The night was stormy and dark, favorable for this murderous purpose, and the aim well directed—the polished plate of the cartridge box being distinctly seen, We were annoyed frequently during the night and our pickets kept up constant firing both at real and imaginary objects. Subsequently the hospital guard was increased to ten and a Corporal. Since then, all has been quiet.
+It is quite perilous for any man to attempt to pass our pickets after 8 o'clock in the evening. One of the most treacherous men within ten miles of us, was arrested while on horseback on Saturday night, and efficiently searched—some papers were found on him, but not sufficient to warrant us in holding him.
+The Pickets of the Fourth Wisconsin Regiment extend within half a mile of our Camp, on the road to Baltimore. The men of that picket are in the habit of coming up here, and drinking the "strychnine" whisky—and get exceedingly unmanageable. This morning ten of them paid us a visit, with loaded minie muskets, and patronized the Hotel? most lovingly for two hours, and of course, got gloriously drunk. It finally became necessary for Major Todd to order out the Union Guards under Capt. Barton, who dispersed them satisfactorily. During their retirement, one of the Fourth stabbed their Assistant Surgeon in the breast, but the wound was not serious.
+It will be gratifying to the friends of the "Lancaster Boys," to know that we are all well and tolerably well satisfied here. Too great praise cannot be accorded to Captain Barton and Lieut's. Hook and Bair, for the military proficiency of their company. Capt. B. desires to be remembered to all his friends The weather is quite warm—on Saturday, 90 deg. in the shade--the country poorly cultivated, but abounding in blackberries and whortleberries—game is plenty—the facilities for bathing are good, and I am glad to see the men avail themselves of it—not much sickness, and none in the Hospital. Prevailing diseases, Pneumonia, Influenza, Dysentery, &c. As it is possible we may be here for a short time, I will write again when much of interest transpires.
+Truly, E. de W. BRENEMAN,\\
+Assis't. Surgeon, First Reg't., P. R. V. C.
+{{ :1st_penn:the_daily_evening_express_thu_aug_8_1861.jpg?linkonly |}}
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 PS i will enclosed a stamp i have but one now and it it too wet
 to get more i will send one in every letter if i can get them
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+//The Daily Evening Express//, August 15, 1861
+LETTERS FROM CAMP TODD.
+ANNAPOLIS JUNCTION, Md, Aug. 13, 1861.
+I mailed a letter for the Express last week, but it has evidently failed. It matters little as Dr. Breneman has informed you of the shooting affairs and other matters of interest. I will, however, mention that the first week we were here S. S. Strachem (Co, A,) on picket guard, arrested two suspicious persons going on foot to Washington, as they said, to get employment as teamsters. They were sent to Annapolis under the charge of Sergeant Bowman, the Colonel's Orderly, and two guards, one of whom was your correspondent, They were discharged, as nothing could be brought against them. We found the Naval Academy buildings and every thing connected, arranged on a liberal scale— everything is convenient and fitted for the purpose intended. The view of the Bay is very fine; in the foreground were anchored a man-of-war and two prize schooners. But what was more interesting to hungry soldiers, we enjoyed the hospitality of Capt. Hess during our stay; he is host of the Mansion House, Safe Harbor—his trade is to feed the hungry.
+One regiment after another still continues to pass through here to Washington. Among them was the 19th Indiana volunteer regiment from Muncy, Delaware county, commanded by Col. Solomon Meredith, a second cousin of "Old Abe" and six feet seven inches in height, nearly every commissioned officer is over six feet high. Also the 14th Massachusetts, Col. Greene. We were out on regimental drill when the train stopped, and the Massachusetts men rushed pell mell into the field and cheered and clapped their hands at every movement our battalion made, which were all well executed, you can be assured, under such a stimulous Lieutenant Colonel McIntire drawing us up in line proposed three cheers for the 14th, which were heartily given. If any community in the world has cause to be proud of itself, it is Massachusetts with its men and institutions.
+Last Tuesday evening, immediately after dress parade, Adjutant W. L. Bear stepped forward and in a neat little speech presented Capt. Barton with a sword in behalf of our company. He said it was a great pleasure to him to be the instrument of presenting this token of his company's high regard for its commander, and of the confidence they repose in  him; and in whatever way he shall point that sword they will ever be ready to follow him. As the presentation was a surprise to the Captain, he replied briefly, saying, that be accepted it in the same spirit in which it was tendered; that, although he believed be was unworthy of this mark of their confidence and respect, be would always strive to do his duty, and promised that its blade should never be stained but with the blood of an enemy of his country. It is a fine sword, with steel scabbard, browned—a tribute worthily bestowed.
+On Sunday morning, a Union preacher of this neighborhood, on invitation of Major Todd, preach-  ed a sermon to the soldiers in the woods close by the camp, on the subject of sin and its penalties. In the afternoon several of us attended Sunday School in Savage, a small village two miles from camp. Nearly a hundred children were in attendance. During a conversation with the acting Principal, Mr. Clark, I ascertained that the people in the villages are mostly for the Union, while the landowners, and hence extensive slaveholders, are Secessionists. Not only is the soil barren, worn-out by tobacco growing, but everything else partakes of the same general dreariness and languor. They have a poor Common School system. Able people must get their children educated at Boarding Schools—the poor people must do without education and without niggers. About eight miles west of this place a number of Pennsylvania farmers bought a circuit of land very cheaply several years ago. Mr. Clark said a person having seen the place before would not know it any more, differing altogether from the surrounding country— productive fields and well built houses and barns. Much of the land between here and Annapolis, I think, would defy the industry even of Pennsylvania farmers.
+Major Todd has been replaced in command here at the Junction by Lieutenant-Colonel McIntire, and the Phoenixville Company G has relieved Company C, (Slifer Phalanx,) from which company most of the desertions have occurred; the company having never been full, and hence not sworn into the United States service yet, and being composed of heterogeneous material, it does not stick well. None of our men are in the Hospital except Edward Frankford, who is unfit for duty; but all complain of weakness superinduced, as the boys say, by a disease called starvation, which could be cured by such medicines as fresh beef, beans, rice and vegetables, all of which are allowed us by the Army Regulations. Why we do not get them as we should I will take pains to find out, and inform you.
+I hitherto neglected to mention that, at the muster at Baltimore into the United States service, Peter Maginnis and Chas. R. G. Pinkerton, were rejected on account of physical disqualifications. I am sure I saw a tear glisten in Peter's eye as he had to stop out of ranks; Charlie Pinkerton was sick at the time.
+The person kindly sending me packages of newspapers will please accept thanks, and send address. The Express comes regularly to hand now. All the Lancasterians abroad share the feelings of those at home for the loss of Bishop Bowman.
+MILES.
+{{ :1st_penn:the_daily_evening_express_thu_aug_15_1861.jpg?linkonly |}}
+----
+//The Daily Evening Express//, August 15, 1861
+Camp Todd, Annapolis Junction. Md.,
+August 11, 1861,
+The influence under which I write are none of the most cooling; surrounded as I am by flies and bugs, with the thermometer at 96 deg. in the shade.
+During the past week there has been considerable activity in military matters. On Wednesday, the First Regiment of Artillery, 800 men, 32 brass pieces, Lieutenant-Colonel Campbell, commanding, passed through on their way to Washington. On the same evening, the 8rd Connecticut returned home. They were in the battle at Manassas, lost four killed and quite a number wounded. They had with them two five horses captured from the rebels at that place. One of the officers stated that they fired but once, and finding the canister and grape pouring in heavily from the enemy, were compelled to fall on their faces, to avoid total destruction.
+On Thursday the 5th Wisconsin and 19th Indiana went south. They were both fine looking bodies of men, and particular attention seems to have been paid in arming and equipping them. The flank companies of the latter regiment were armed with Enfield Rifles; also five sharpshooters in each company. The remainder were Minie muskets.
+On Friday evening the Southern train brought two hundred and thirty-five sick and wounded soldiers from the hospitals at Washington and Georgetown, destined for Annapolis; many of them were at Bull's Run. One poor fellow, with whom I conversed, stated that during the engagement he fell from exhaustion. Crawling for some distance, he came to a hut filled with wounded companions; while in the act of quenching his thirst with muddy water, abundant in that district, the hut was riddled with grape, and almost immediately followed by a charge of infantry—mercenaries—and all were bayoneted. This man was left by them under the supposition that he was dead. He was subsequently picked up by the Massachusetts 6th and taken to Washington.
+On Saturday morning we greeted the arrival of the Fifth Pennsylvania Reserve, Colonel Simmone, and in the evening the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Massachusetts Regiment, accompanied by Nim's Artillery from Boston. This battery was formerly under the command of Col. Cook, and during their three months enlistment were stationed at Camp Carrol, near Baltimore, After their discharge, almost immediate reorganization was effected, and they return to do service in the next great battle soon to be fought not many miles from here.
+A shocking accident occurred on Saturday night, about a half a mile from here. One of the pickets of the 4th Wisconsin regiment, while in a state of intoxication, threw himself across the railroad track, and the midnight freight train cut off his head and legs. This should be a warning to his companions, who have been a considerable source of annoyance to us lately, by their wild spirits and habits of intoxication. They are, however, stout able-bodied men, and render effective service, On Thursday one of the captains succeeded in ingratiating himself with a notorious though wealthy Secessionist in the neighborhood, and ascertained he had fifty muskets secreted in his barn. Throwing off his disguise, be had the rebel arrested and the arms conveyed to the headquarters at the Relay House.
+We had the pleasure on Friday of shaking by the hand Captain H. A. Hambright from Lancaster, on his return from Washington, and are gratified to learn that he has permission from the Secretary of War to raise a regiment from Lancaster county. Pennsylvanians may rejoice at the position he will assume, while officers and men may feel satisfied they have a leader of undoubted courage, and military ability, whose motto will be Victory! The coming examination of field and company officers will cause many to quake; and well it may—as the test will be a severe one. As for the officers of this regiment, I can speak quite satisfactorily. Col. R. Biddie Roberts was a resident of Pittsburg, and recommended for the position by Gen. McCall. Lieutenant Colonel H. H. McIntire was formerly Captain of the Brandywine Guards from West Chester, (company K. of this regiment;) and Major Lemuel Todd, Captain of the Carlisle Guards, and at one time Congressman from the Cumberland district. Surgeon L. W. Read, from Norristown, is eminently competent for his position. He was one of the few Americans who entered the Russian service in the Crimean War, had the facilities of an extensive surgical practice at the General Hospital at Simpheropal, and acquitted himself with great credit to its close. The capabilities of Captain Barton are undoubted.
+It is impossible to tell how long we may be stationed here, though the disposition of sick in the District of Columbia, the constant arrival of troops from all sections, the immense transportation of provisions, ambulances, baggage wagons, and horses, indicate a speedy engagement. When the veteran Scott, and the brave McClellan issue forward, I doubt not it will be to victory.\\
+We are all well. Truly E. deW. B.
+{{ :1st_penn:the_daily_evening_express_thu_aug_15_1861a.jpg?linkonly |}}
+{{ :1st_penn:the_daily_evening_express_thu_aug_15_1861b.jpg?linkonly |}}
+----
 //Daily National Republican//, August 19, 1861
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 {{ :1st_penn:daily_national_republican_1861-08-19_2.png?linkonly|}}
+----
+Letter of M. M. Miller, Gilder-Lehrman Collection
+Annapolis Junction August 21st 1861
+Dear Wife
+I Received your most welcome letter on the 13th and
+the one was welcome messenger to me but the other contained the
+language of a man i could expect nothing Better of but i shurely
+thought he would leave you alone the money i borrowed and i thought
+of it every day and should have Paid it and the Rent with my next
+months wages which will be due in a week of so which is 15 dols
+but it seems he could wait i told you i did not Receive one month
+wages the last time as i was not sworn in for nearly a week after it
+was there and i was paid only from the time i was sworn in, and from the
+time i went to Camp Wayne till we Reached Baltimore i had not one
+cent of money do they think i should have worn my clothes all that
+time with out working But it seems him Brinkerhoof care for
+nothing But the money you say in your letter you Paid him if so
+he has got all and more than was coming to him for he never pretended
+to pay us for anything we done for him and now i think you should
+let him hunt the county over Before you do anything for him But you
+are his sister and do not look at it as i do and if Hen had owed me
+fifty dols and i should have had to live on crackers and water and he
+had been in my place i never should have treated him as he has me
+But that is not all he must Blackguard me yet which he has done
+ever since i have been married has he says i am spending for
+liquor that is false if he or any body else believe and let them
+write to any men in our company they all know me and can give them
+all the information they want i do not ask any one to take my word
+i was going to send some of my money home but Mr Woods, Mr Henry and
+and others told me if my wife could get along till i Received more i was verry
+foolish i might need it Before i Receive more But if they cannot wait till
+i get more i will sent what i got the first oportunity and will do that
+But i can if i live you shall have all the money i get as or we got marching
+orders yesterday and expect to for Washington every hour and then
+i do not suppose i will need much money you may tell Hen as much
+of this as you please and then tell him i forgive him for all he ever
+done against me, an thankful for all he ever done for me for,
+For Dear Dear Wife our position now that i would not like to be on
+anything But good terms with all my fellow men and do not tell me till i let
+You know anything that is said Bad of me or especially their name as i want
+to Be at peace with all men for when i get deep spite it is hard to Banish
+Dear Wife you said i should let you know whether we expected to get into
+Battle Dear Dear Wife you ought not to ask such questions for i dare
+not tell you an untruth if we leave here for Washington i do not think
+we will Return without fighting they are gathering an immence army
+there for that purpose but whether we will be engaged in the first
+Battle or not i cannot tell but do not think we will unless it
+takes all the force there in the Battle, Dear Wife will can not expect anything else But do not be uneasy or i will let you know the moment i am certain
+that we will be engaged and if the worst comes Dear Wife we will trust
+in god, and you want to know whether we are Safe here i do not think
+we are in much danger of course we are liable to picked off by cecessionist
+for they have every chance while we are on picket But we are careful and do not expose ourselves more than we are compelled, S. Due is
+getting along very well there was nothing done with him for
+staying away so long But he is now sworn into the United States
+service an behaves himself very well, i am still on picket and do
+not know how long we will stay the first three or four days
+we were here i had a mind to Return to camp for we had it verry
+hard it Rained all the time and we had to be out eighteen hours
+out of 24 that is all night and half the day with wet clothes on the
+wet ground in the Rain and you may know i would not stand that verry
+long, But they sent us more men so we have it easier now i can go
+to camp and send some other one when ever i get tired of picket duty
+But the Colonel says we are the best picket out of camp and would
+like us all to stay. But he says we have bee out so long he cant
+ask us to stay longer as i told you before our picket has taken about
+between five an six thousand dols worth of contraband goods since we
+have been here there is 14 of us, the picket that was here this spring
+treated the people so bad that they were as fraid of us as death when we
+first came here but now they are verry friendly me and another young man
+was sent on a scout the other day we went to a house the women children
+Ran as if we had been wild Beasts the man asked us in to get some peaches and then they were sneaking in they were surprised to find us such
+decent Respectable men and treated us with the greatest Respect and told
+[Additional pages missing.]
+Gilder Lehrman Collection #: GLC02155\\
+Author/Creator: Miller, M. M.
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+Letter of Lewis R. Robinson to his Mother
+Camp Todd Aug 25
+Dear Mother
+I recieved your letter and was very glad to hear from you and very glad to hear that you are all well we have a very pleasant time of it hear and we make a capture every once and a while we got a lot of contraband goods and two men at one haul. They must have bin fifteen or twenty boxes of drugs...the doctor says that they are worth five thousand dollars and then the three hourses and too wagons and they are worth from six to seven hundred. So I think that is a very good haul for one time and on Sunday our picket got a white man and a nigger and two horses and a cab...as they came back they took these contrabands of war...the police of Baltimore was after them and said that they had arms with them but the first man we took said that the drugs were for the Southern army so we cheated them out of it...the Secessionist intend to cross the Potomac and...take Annapolis and then take Maryland but they will have a gay old time of it...we would as...shoot a man as look at him...if he comes looking about after night...we are prepared...to [get] our [new] guns as we have still got the old flint lock guns...we will be ready for them. We presented our captain with a sword and sash lost night. One of our men made a presentation speech..."
+http://www.hcaauctions.com/LotDetail.aspx?inventoryid=37713
+----