Howard County, MD in the Civil War

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-<html><font size="+2"><b><u><center>Military Operations at Relay House, MD, 1861-1865</center></u></b></font></html>+====== Military Operations at Relay House, MD, 1861-1865 ======
  
 [[relay_timeline|Timeline of Occupation at Relay House]] [[relay_timeline|Timeline of Occupation at Relay House]]
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 [[letters_of_dr._bowman_breed|Breed Letters]] [[letters_of_dr._bowman_breed|Breed Letters]]
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 +{{:harpers.pdf |CAMP LIFE AT RELAY, Harper's new monthly magazine, April 1862}}
  
  
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 5/15/1861 - "The Relay House military post was held on Monday by about 1,000 of **New York Infantry, under the command of Col. Lyons**. This force has since been reinforced by troops from Washington, including the **Eight Massachusetts Regiment**, making 2,000 or 3,000 in all there." - //Baltimore Sun//, 5/15/1861 5/15/1861 - "The Relay House military post was held on Monday by about 1,000 of **New York Infantry, under the command of Col. Lyons**. This force has since been reinforced by troops from Washington, including the **Eight Massachusetts Regiment**, making 2,000 or 3,000 in all there." - //Baltimore Sun//, 5/15/1861
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 +5/15/1861 - **6th Massachusetts**. "...our tents...had come up..those for our company were pitched on the extreme south end of the ridge we occupy." - //Massachusetts Spy//, 5/15/1861
  
 5/15/1861 - "...on Wednesday evening...the Massachusetts and New York troops, who have been encamped on Federal Hill...to convey them to the Relay House. The entire body embraced about 450 of the **New York Eighth Regiment **and 500 of the **Massachusetts Sixth and Eighth Regiments**..." - //Daily Exchange//, 5/17/1861 5/15/1861 - "...on Wednesday evening...the Massachusetts and New York troops, who have been encamped on Federal Hill...to convey them to the Relay House. The entire body embraced about 450 of the **New York Eighth Regiment **and 500 of the **Massachusetts Sixth and Eighth Regiments**..." - //Daily Exchange//, 5/17/1861
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 7/24/1861 - **4th Wisconsin**. "I made the following disposition of the regiment...four companies between Baltimore and Annapolis junction and between the Relay House and Ellicott's Mills...Regimental headquarters were established at the Relay House." - //A Wisconsin Yankee in Confederate Bayou Country//, Halbert E. Paine. 7/24/1861 - **4th Wisconsin**. "I made the following disposition of the regiment...four companies between Baltimore and Annapolis junction and between the Relay House and Ellicott's Mills...Regimental headquarters were established at the Relay House." - //A Wisconsin Yankee in Confederate Bayou Country//, Halbert E. Paine.
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 +7/24/1861-11/4/1861 - **4th Wisconsin**. "Our first and second encampments were on high ground south of the railway station. Our third was on ground reputed to have been occupied by Gen. Braddock...Whether this was or was not Braddock's camping ground, it certainly had been somebody's camping ground, for in 1861 the evidence of the former use of the ground for that purpose had not disappeared." - Halbert E. Paine Papers, 4th Wisconsin, Louisiana State University.
  
 7/26/1861 - "CAMP OF THE **SIXTH MASS. REG'T**, RELAY HOUSE, July 21, 1861...On Friday I visited the camp hospital...and went through the several apartments. The building is an elegant private residence, located in the centre of a beautiful grove, and belonged to a Mr. Talbot, but had not been occupied for a number of hears, and was entirely destitute of furniture...On the departure of the regiment from Washington for this post, the hospital was located in an old negro shanty, without even beds or straw for the sick to lay upon...the shanty was used for five or six weeks, when the residence of Mr. Talbot was secured..." - //Lowell Daily Citizen and News//, 7/26/1861 7/26/1861 - "CAMP OF THE **SIXTH MASS. REG'T**, RELAY HOUSE, July 21, 1861...On Friday I visited the camp hospital...and went through the several apartments. The building is an elegant private residence, located in the centre of a beautiful grove, and belonged to a Mr. Talbot, but had not been occupied for a number of hears, and was entirely destitute of furniture...On the departure of the regiment from Washington for this post, the hospital was located in an old negro shanty, without even beds or straw for the sick to lay upon...the shanty was used for five or six weeks, when the residence of Mr. Talbot was secured..." - //Lowell Daily Citizen and News//, 7/26/1861
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 7/31/1861 - "As announced yesterday, the **Sixth Massachusetts Regiment, and Cook's battery of Boston artillery**, passed through the city yesterday morning, en route for home. On Monday afternoon [7/29], one-half of the **Fourth Wisconsin Regiment**...was conveyed from Camp Carroll to the Relay House, Washington Junction, to take the place of the **Sixth Massachusetts Regiment**." - //Baltimore Sun//, 7/31/1861 7/31/1861 - "As announced yesterday, the **Sixth Massachusetts Regiment, and Cook's battery of Boston artillery**, passed through the city yesterday morning, en route for home. On Monday afternoon [7/29], one-half of the **Fourth Wisconsin Regiment**...was conveyed from Camp Carroll to the Relay House, Washington Junction, to take the place of the **Sixth Massachusetts Regiment**." - //Baltimore Sun//, 7/31/1861
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 +7/31/1861 - **4th Wisconsin** "Our location is a most beautiful one, in a grove, overlooking the country for miles around. We take the place of the Massachusetts 6th...Col. Paine occupies a beautiful gothic cottage, lately occupied by Lt. Murray, secessionist, as his headquarters. The hospital is also in the building." - //Sheboygan Journal//, 8/14/1861
  
 8/1/1861 - "The **regiment [6th Mass]** left their old quarters at the Relay House on Tuesday morning at 6 o'clock." - //Boston Post//, 8/1/1861 8/1/1861 - "The **regiment [6th Mass]** left their old quarters at the Relay House on Tuesday morning at 6 o'clock." - //Boston Post//, 8/1/1861
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 10/2/1861 - "A Fort at the Relay House. Surveys have been made and ground broken for a fortification of considerable magnitude on the south side of the Patapsco river, at the Relay House, Washington Junction, on the eminence just east of the viaduct, which commands the country and the railroad tracks of the Washington Branch, and Baltimore and Ohio railroad for some distance in either direction. It is propose to name the defense "Fort Dix." - //Baltimore Sun//, 10/2/1861 10/2/1861 - "A Fort at the Relay House. Surveys have been made and ground broken for a fortification of considerable magnitude on the south side of the Patapsco river, at the Relay House, Washington Junction, on the eminence just east of the viaduct, which commands the country and the railroad tracks of the Washington Branch, and Baltimore and Ohio railroad for some distance in either direction. It is propose to name the defense "Fort Dix." - //Baltimore Sun//, 10/2/1861
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 +10/4/1861 - "St. Denis, Relay House, Md., Oct. 4, 1861. I am here at the Relay, a dirty, miserable inn, to build a small battery here. I intended at first to have a large fort, but it was objectionable for so many reasons, that I went on to see Gen. McClellan about it, and he changed the programme for two reasons, that the enemy dare not cross the river now, so late in the season, and because Baltimore isn’t worth spending much money and labor on.
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 +I am the assistant to Col. Brewerton, U. S. Engnrs. here, in his office, when I am in the city; but here, in this work, I am perfectly independent of everybody. When I get through here, I have got to go up to Ellicott’s Mills and build a work there." - //Paine ancestry. The family of Robert Treat Paine, signer of the Declaration of Independence, including maternal lines by Paine, Sarah Cushing//
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 11/5/1861 - "Two companies of the **Tenth Maine Regiment**...were on Sunday ordered to the Relay House...yesterday the remaining eight companies proceeded to the same post. The **Fourth Wisconsin ****Regiment**, heretofore stationed along the railroad from the Relay to Annapolis Junction, have been ordered to Baltimore." - //Baltimore Sun//, 11/5/1861 11/5/1861 - "Two companies of the **Tenth Maine Regiment**...were on Sunday ordered to the Relay House...yesterday the remaining eight companies proceeded to the same post. The **Fourth Wisconsin ****Regiment**, heretofore stationed along the railroad from the Relay to Annapolis Junction, have been ordered to Baltimore." - //Baltimore Sun//, 11/5/1861
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 9/1/1862 - "The **147th Pennsylvania** has just been located in the vicinity of the Relay House, in charge of a portion of the road for some distance." - //Alexandria Gazette//, 9/1/1862 9/1/1862 - "The **147th Pennsylvania** has just been located in the vicinity of the Relay House, in charge of a portion of the road for some distance." - //Alexandria Gazette//, 9/1/1862
  
-ca. 9/3/1862 - "We reached our destination about sundown and camped just beyond the Viaduct, on a grassy hilltop...We named our camp "Camp Wool, near Relay House, Md."...The next morning we commenced laying out our camp...After a few days we moved camp to the other side of the Viaduct on high ground in an apple orchard in rear of the Relay House Station." - Three Years with the Adirondack Regiment: 118th New York Volunteers Infantry By John Lovell Cunningham+ca. 9/3/1862 - "We reached our destination about sundown and camped just beyond the Viaduct, on a grassy hilltop...We named our camp "Camp Wool, near Relay House, Md."...The next morning we commenced laying out our camp...After a few days we moved camp to the other side of the Viaduct on high ground in an apple orchard in rear of the Relay House Station." - Three Years with the Adirondack Regiment: **118th New York Volunteers Infantry** By John Lovell Cunningham
  
 +9/5/1862 - "...our camp is about a half of a mile from washington junction we have got a very plesant place it is located in a heigh hill about thirty rods from the railroad on one side and about a half of a mile on the other we 
 +are also surrounded by four or five other ridgiments we have got our tents built we have to lay six in a tent"- 9/5/1862 letter of James Oscar Tyrel, **118th New York**.
  
 9/17/1862 - "At the time of the battle of Antietam, the Relay House was the scene of great activity...the **118th New York Vol. Infantry, 138th Pa. Vols. **and** Battery B, 5th New York Light Artillery**...the **138th Regiment**, were soon ordered to other points for service..." - History of the One Hundred and Thirty-eighth Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry 9/17/1862 - "At the time of the battle of Antietam, the Relay House was the scene of great activity...the **118th New York Vol. Infantry, 138th Pa. Vols. **and** Battery B, 5th New York Light Artillery**...the **138th Regiment**, were soon ordered to other points for service..." - History of the One Hundred and Thirty-eighth Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry
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 8/10/1864 - "...These troops are distributed along the line of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad as follows: Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Relay House, brigade headquarters. Fort Dix, Company A, **First New Jersey Militia** 76. Relay House, five companies **Ninety-third New York State National Guard**, 193; two sections Battery H, **Third Pennsylvania Artillery**, 80; detachment **One hundred and forty-fourth and One hundred and forty-ninth Ohio National Guard**, 28. Fort Dix, detachment **Eighth and Ninth New York Heavy Artillery**, 29. " - O.R.--SERIES I--VOLUME XLIII/1 [S# 90] 8/10/1864 - "...These troops are distributed along the line of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad as follows: Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Relay House, brigade headquarters. Fort Dix, Company A, **First New Jersey Militia** 76. Relay House, five companies **Ninety-third New York State National Guard**, 193; two sections Battery H, **Third Pennsylvania Artillery**, 80; detachment **One hundred and forty-fourth and One hundred and forty-ninth Ohio National Guard**, 28. Fort Dix, detachment **Eighth and Ninth New York Heavy Artillery**, 29. " - O.R.--SERIES I--VOLUME XLIII/1 [S# 90]
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 +9/13/1864 - **10th Vermont**. "I am on picket today at Mr. Donaldson's, a wealthy Union man who has a lovely home and family."- Personal recollections and civil war diary, 1864; by Abbott, Lemuel Abijah
  
 9/19/1864 - "Relay House: Companies B, C, D, H, and K, and headquarters **Ninety-third New York State National Guard**, Col. W. R. W. Chambers; two sections **Battery H, Third Pennsylvania Artillery,** Capt. W. D. Rank. Fort Dix: Companies O, F, I, K, and headquarters **First Eastern Shore Maryland Volunteers**, Maj. John R. Keene; detachment **Eighth and Ninth New York Heavy Artillery**, Lieut. W. H. Courtney." - O.R.--SERIES I--VOLUME XLIII/1 [S# 91] 9/19/1864 - "Relay House: Companies B, C, D, H, and K, and headquarters **Ninety-third New York State National Guard**, Col. W. R. W. Chambers; two sections **Battery H, Third Pennsylvania Artillery,** Capt. W. D. Rank. Fort Dix: Companies O, F, I, K, and headquarters **First Eastern Shore Maryland Volunteers**, Maj. John R. Keene; detachment **Eighth and Ninth New York Heavy Artillery**, Lieut. W. H. Courtney." - O.R.--SERIES I--VOLUME XLIII/1 [S# 91]
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